Linux VPS新硬盘分区与挂载教程(面板重装不丢失数据)

Author：看见如果
发布时间：December 30, 2014
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Categories： LNMP

<span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';font-size:14px;color:#E56600;"><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';font-size:14px;color:#E56600;"><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';font-size:14px;color:#E56600;"><span style="font-weight:700;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';font-size:14px;color:#E56600;"><span style="font-size:18px;">举例把数据盘挂载到/home&nbsp;目录，</span><span style="color:#E53333;font-size:18px;">如果/home目录已有数据，请先备份到其他位置！！</span></span></span></span></span>

</h2>

<span></span>

<span><span><span><span style="font-weight:700;"><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';font-size:14px;">通过fdisk -l我们可以看到/dev/xvdb(此名称因系统而异)容量有23.6G，而且没有分区，接下来我们对它进行分区和挂载</span></span></span></span></span>

</h3>

<br />

<span><span><span><span style="font-weight:700;"><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';font-size:14px;"> </span></span></span></span></span>

fdisk -l

[root@MyVPS ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/xvda: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes
 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders
 Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
 /dev/xvda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux
 /dev/xvda2 14 1044 8281507+ 8e Linux LVM

 Disk /dev/xvdb: 23.6 GB, 23622320128 bytes
 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2871 cylinders
 Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

<span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';font-weight:700;line-height:1.5;">对/dev/xvdb(此名称因系统而异)进行分区：</span>

<span><span><span><span style="font-weight:700;"><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';font-size:14px;"> </span></span></span></span></span>

fdisk /dev/xvdb

[root@MyVPS ~]# fdisk /dev/xvdb
The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 2871.
There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
and could in certain setups cause problems with:
1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
 (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)

输入n新建分区
Command (m for help): n
Command action
 e extended
 p primary partition (1-4)
p

/dev/xvdb中第1个分区
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-2871, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-2871, default 2871):
Using default value 2871

输入W保存退出
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

<span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';font-weight:700;line-height:1.5;">将新分区xvdb1(此名称因系统而异)格式化为ext4格式</span>

<span><span><span><span style="font-weight:700;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';font-size:14px;"> </span></span></span></span>

mkfs -t ext4 /dev/xvdb1

[root@MyVPS ~]# mkfs -t ext4 /dev/xvdb1
mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)
 Filesystem label=
 OS type: Linux
 Block size=4096 (log=2)
 Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
 2883584 inodes, 5765319 blocks
 288265 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
 First data block=0
 Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
 176 block groups
 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
 16384 inodes per group
 Superblock backups stored on blocks:
 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
 4096000
 Writing inode tables: done
 Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
 Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
 This filesystem will be automatically checked every 24 mounts or
 180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

<span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';font-weight:700;line-height:1.5;">我们示范将新分区xvdb1挂载到目录/home</span>

<br />

mount /dev/xvdb1 /home

完成后我们通过df -hal可以看到，新分区已经挂载到目录/home1上了

[root@MyVPS ~]# df -hal
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
 /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00
 5.7G 1.4G 4.1G 25% /
 proc 0 0 0 - /proc
 sysfs 0 0 0 - /sys
 devpts 0 0 0 - /dev/pts
 /dev/xvda1 99M 28M 67M 30% /boot
 tmpfs 256M 0 256M 0% /dev/shm
 none 0 0 0 - /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc
 sunrpc 0 0 0 - /var/lib/nfs/rpc_pipefs
 /dev/xvdb1 22G 173M 21G 1% /data

<span><span><span><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';font-size:14px;">最后添加开机自动挂载：</span></span></span></span>

echo "/dev/xvdb1 /home ext4 defaults 1 2" >> /etc/fstab

这样就完成了！ 通过面板重装后的处理

重新挂载，xvdb1的文件内容不受影响 mkdir /data mount /dev/xvdb1 /data

最后，重新添加自动挂载即可： echo "/dev/xvdb1 /data ext3 defaults 1 2" >> /etc/fstab

<br />

Last modification：December 13th, 2017 at 11:43 pm

Linux VPS新硬盘分区与挂载教程(面板重装不丢失数据)

看见如果 • 2014 年 12 月 30 日

<span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';font-size:14px;color:#E56600;"><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';font-size:14px;color:#E56600;"><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';font-size:14px;color:#E56600;"><span style="font-weight:700;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';font-size:14px;color:#E56600;"><span style="font-size:18px;">举例把数据盘挂载到/home&nbsp;目录，</span><span style="color:#E53333;font-size:18px;">如果/home目录已有数据，请先备份到其他位置！！</span></span></span></span></span>

</h2>

<span></span>

<span><span><span><span style="font-weight:700;"><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';font-size:14px;">通过fdisk -l我们可以看到/dev/xvdb(此名称因系统而异)容量有23.6G，而且没有分区，接下来我们对它进行分区和挂载</span></span></span></span></span>

</h3>

<br />

<span><span><span><span style="font-weight:700;"><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';font-size:14px;"> </span></span></span></span></span>

fdisk -l

[root@MyVPS ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/xvda: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes
 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders
 Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
 /dev/xvda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux
 /dev/xvda2 14 1044 8281507+ 8e Linux LVM

 Disk /dev/xvdb: 23.6 GB, 23622320128 bytes
 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2871 cylinders
 Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

<span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';font-weight:700;line-height:1.5;">对/dev/xvdb(此名称因系统而异)进行分区：</span>

<span><span><span><span style="font-weight:700;"><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';font-size:14px;"> </span></span></span></span></span>

fdisk /dev/xvdb

[root@MyVPS ~]# fdisk /dev/xvdb
The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 2871.
There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
and could in certain setups cause problems with:
1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
 (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)

输入n新建分区
Command (m for help): n
Command action
 e extended
 p primary partition (1-4)
p

/dev/xvdb中第1个分区
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-2871, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-2871, default 2871):
Using default value 2871

输入W保存退出
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

<span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';font-weight:700;line-height:1.5;">将新分区xvdb1(此名称因系统而异)格式化为ext4格式</span>

<span><span><span><span style="font-weight:700;font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';font-size:14px;"> </span></span></span></span>

mkfs -t ext4 /dev/xvdb1

[root@MyVPS ~]# mkfs -t ext4 /dev/xvdb1
mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)
 Filesystem label=
 OS type: Linux
 Block size=4096 (log=2)
 Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
 2883584 inodes, 5765319 blocks
 288265 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
 First data block=0
 Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
 176 block groups
 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
 16384 inodes per group
 Superblock backups stored on blocks:
 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
 4096000
 Writing inode tables: done
 Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
 Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
 This filesystem will be automatically checked every 24 mounts or
 180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

<span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';font-weight:700;line-height:1.5;">我们示范将新分区xvdb1挂载到目录/home</span>

<br />

mount /dev/xvdb1 /home

[root@MyVPS ~]# df -hal
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
 /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00
 5.7G 1.4G 4.1G 25% /
 proc 0 0 0 - /proc
 sysfs 0 0 0 - /sys
 devpts 0 0 0 - /dev/pts
 /dev/xvda1 99M 28M 67M 30% /boot
 tmpfs 256M 0 256M 0% /dev/shm
 none 0 0 0 - /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc
 sunrpc 0 0 0 - /var/lib/nfs/rpc_pipefs
 /dev/xvdb1 22G 173M 21G 1% /data

<span><span><span><span style="font-family:'Microsoft YaHei';font-size:14px;">最后添加开机自动挂载：</span></span></span></span>

echo "/dev/xvdb1 /home ext4 defaults 1 2" >> /etc/fstab

重新挂载，xvdb1的文件内容不受影响 mkdir /data mount /dev/xvdb1 /data

最后，重新添加自动挂载即可： echo "/dev/xvdb1 /data ext3 defaults 1 2" >> /etc/fstab

<br />

Linux VPS新硬盘分区与挂载教程(面板重装不丢失数据)

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Linux VPS新硬盘分区与挂载教程(面板重装不丢失数据)